Introduction
If you lean in and really listen to the Baron, you’d swear he was getting drunk. I’ve seen the transformation before, when textbook Italian starts to ebb into marble-mouthed dialect, the linguistic synapse of a storyteller traveling back in time. First it was only a word of dialect here and there as we discussed the dishes of his childhood, but the last hour has had me squinting and hanging onto his every word, the way you might really grip the steering wheel while driving through a really thick fog.
‘Before there was so little, so very, very little’, he says, he eyes beginning to tear. ‘We always had just enough but those in the community struggled in ways that I think would be difficult to really imagine today. Unless you know real hunger, I mean real, real hunger- and for years at time- I don’t think the food down here is readily obvious. At least not from outside looking in anyway.’
I pour myself some more wine and disagree with him, at least in theory. I run a cooking school here in the Salento and those that come love the food of the region, for its pure flavours, never needing any of the back story to access the dishes on their own merit. The Baron falls silent for a moment and cocks his head to the side and eats a forkful of his Cecamariti, the way you might half-heartedly attempt to study a picture of your own mother, trying to forget who she is.
‘It’s good’, he says. ‘But I don’t think I can really taste it without also tasting the doorway back.’ He smacks his lips and takes another bite, holding his head low, as if he were in church.
I’ve decided to start my blog about the food of the Salento with the Baron because I believe that you, the reader, believe that the traditional food of the South of Italy is still being made by the poor, the uneducated, the rural and those that many of us would be tempted to call ‘peasants’. ‘Every morning in Italy, all the little old ladies wake up and begin to make everything fresh from scratch’.
The opposite is more often the truth.
Traditional food in Italy is the process of flip-flopping, where the real luxury today is finding the time to make things from scratch for those you love. Traditional food is being kept alive by those that know enough to love it, that understand that there is always something more to any dish, beyond a list of its ingredients. And that was what was really happening inside the Baron's mouth as he chewed.
domenica 12 ottobre 2008
mercoledì 30 aprile 2008
Granita di Primitivo (Or Sorbet, Or Even Gelato).
But put good, natural, cold things into an ice cream machine and no matter what, you'll love what comes out.
200 grams of sugar
1/8 litre of blood orange juice
Half a bottle of primitivo del salento, or other heavy, fruity red wine.
A cup of water.
Special equipment, ice cream maker.
Heat water to a boil and dissolve the sugar. Chill. Add blood orange juice and red wine and chill in freezer until a cap forms. Place in ice cream machine and follow manufacturers instructions.
Variations:
This is unlimited. Try straight fruit juice with a shot of Campari, vermouth or grappa. Or your lemons the next time you make limoncello. You can also add jelly or preserves instead of same amount of sugar, changing the texture and really bumping up the flavour. Providing everything is cold enough when going into the machine, it’s virtually impossible to botch. Even if it doesn’t set up completely, it’ll still be great. Just don’t tell anyone what your goal was. They’ll love it just the same.
Torta di pere. (Moist Cake with Pears Mixed Right in).
2 eggs.
A small glass of milk
200 grams of sugar
A pinch of salt
A good shake of cinnamon
200 grams of cake flour
Olive oil
breadcrumbs
4 pears, peeled and cut into 8 pieces, roughly.
Variation, vincotto and/or powered sugar.
Pre-heat oven ¾ as hot as it will go. Oil a non-stick bundt pan and coat with bread crumbs. Shake and discard extra. In a big bowl, hand-beat the eggs and milk together, add the flour and cinnamon. Add the pears. Mix well. Place in oven for 50 minutes or until tooth pick pulls out smoothly. Cool.
Variations include cutting cake in slices, dusting half of them with powered sugar and putting them back in a spoke pattern (not traditional but still pretty cool). Or serving with a tiny drizzle of vincotto, either purchased, or sweetened red wine reduced down, 10 times.
Rosolio (Limoncello, and then Some)
This is a master recipe, capable of going in many, many directions, although it’s likely that most foreigners know only Limoncello, a single variant. Precise amounts aren’t given because it depends on the size of your batch, and the strength of your alcohol. But make this once and you’ll never refer to this page again.
Flavour agent, Fruit essence, in this case organic lemon peels, minus the pith (the white just under the peel). Organic is even more important here, as growers never intend for you to consume the peel and tend to blast them with chemicals. Peeled stone fruits work well, orange peel, cinnamon sticks, prunes, cherries and basil leaves, all thrive under the same treatment.
Alcohol, preferably derived from fruit. The stronger the better. If vodka is the purest form of alcohol available, your simple syrup will need to be much sweeter.
Sugar, don’t be alarmed by how much. Like all things consumed cold, you need to up the sugar just to taste it. And portions tend to be small.
Water
Spices, optional. Here the addition of a spice (a clove or two, a few peppercorns) should never be more than a subtle, more complex aftertaste. Less is more.
Place flavour agent in a large tight-lidded jar. For a litre of pure alcohol, 24 lemons are ideal (save the juice for pickling, for making icy granita or to make fresh-squeezed lemonade (limonata)).
Cover with alcohol and add spice, if using. Seal and place in a dark place.
After 21 days, strain liquor into bottles, filling ¼ full, for pure alcohol (for diluted alcohol such as vodka, calculate overall content for 25%, to avoid freezing). Seal jars. Keep flavouring agent in jar and seal, apart. (You can use the flavouring agent as a chemical-free fire starter, rather than charcoal lighter or newspapers, such as throwing some lemons peels on the grill to start the fire, without any chemical starters, and for free).
Calculate difference in water ( i.e. if using pure alcohol, you’d need 3 litres of water, of 75% of total). Heat in pot and add sugar. A rule of thumb is that it needs to be sweeter than you’d think, and that a kilo of sugar for four litres is a good starting point). Generally speaking, the more ‘savoury’ your flavouring agent, the less sugar is preferred. Chill syrup completely once dissolved.
Top of litre bottles with chilled syrup. Return three bottles to dark closet and place one bottle in freezer, with a set of services glasses. Many say that the final mix needs time to mellow so you can compare tonight’s bottles against those from the closet.
Resist seconds. The sugar and alcohol produce wicked hangovers.
Quaresimali (Toasty, Little Almond Nuggets)
250 grams of cake flour
200 grams of sugar
300 grams of shelled but not peeled almonds
4 eggs
25 grams, ground cinnamon
Some liqueur, such as Frangelico. Or Strega
Dash of salt.
Olive oil
Mix all the ingredients together in a big bowl, by hand or with mixer. Mix well. Oil a very shallow, wide oven pan and pour the mixture in. Place in hot oven (200 c or 350 F) and bake until a cake-like surface begins to take shape, or around 15 or 20 minutes. Grab your favourite fork and slip some Nirvana into the stereo, turn it up and just really go crazy with the fork, tearing up the cake into as many pieces as possible. Scramble the pieces, breaking it as much as possible. Place back into oven and bake until tooth-crack stage. Pull and cool. Sweet dipping wine and Nirvana optional when serving.
lunedì 28 aprile 2008
Lu Stuffatu (Sexy,Sexy Stewed Vegetables)
Hit your favourite market and grab a couple of anything that looks good: courgettes, aubergenes, waxy potatoes, cherry tomatoes, onions, leeks, carrots, bell peppers. Cut everything into logical pieces, smaller the longer each takes to cook (you do this already anyway, whenever you make soup, whether you realise it or not). Take a heavy,heavy bottomed pot with a tight-fitting lid and get the puppy hot for a few minutes. Coat the bottom with a drizzle of your best olive oil. Toss everything in, minus anything really soft, such as the tomatoes, and keep it moving for a few minutes, browning everything. Salt it, add the tomatoes, cover and simmer until tender. Toss in the bay leaves or thyme, and a good glug of raw oil. Stir. Set the table. Plate nicely and dust it with a good spicy pecorino, or even a well-aged parmiggiano, if you are really in a pinch. I like a high acid red with it, something with lots of mineral flavours to mimic those in the vegetables....although I'm naturally prone towards Southern Italian wine anyway.
Ciceri e Tria (Kick-Ass Bean and Pasta Stew)
Although far less famous abroad than le orecchiette, this is actually the most beloved dish of the Salento. It’s a brothy, rib-sticker of dish, more like a hearty stew than your average pasta soup. You’d never put cheese on this. Nor would you want to add any meat whatsoever, the fried pasta was originally meant to mimic the texture of meat, back when there was so little of it going around in our neck of the woods.
Chick peas, dried
Carrots, onions and celery
Barley flour
Hard durum wheat flour
Salt
Chilli peppers
Parsley, diced
oil
Soak the chick peas overnight. Change the water. Rinse. Add the vegetables, and salt and simmer until tender, from 2 to 10 hours, depending on the date of harvest (you won’t like know that, so plan to cook ahead a few hours). Meanwhile, make the pasta, by adding roughly 30% barley flour to the 70% hard durum wheat flour and water until you reach pasta consistency. Roll out into thin ribbons, several times thicker than egg pasta allows. Think bandage shapes, like 3 inch snips of parppadelle. Or Narrow little sticks of gum. Dry a few hours.
Take a third of the pasta and fry in small batches, in extra virgin olive oil. Regulate water and bring the chick peas to a boil again and add the raw pasta. Cook until tender, around 3 minutes. Decide whether or not to fish out the vegetables from the broth. Add fried pasta, the diced parsley and a good glug of raw oil. Serve in bowls. Supply helmets if the Salentini start to swoon.
Wine:
Nothing says ‘lovin’’ like negroamaro with this recipe.
Sughetto al Pomodoro con la Rughetta.
Divorce yourself from the fact that you’ll eat this most of the year, or even a big part of it. There are really just two forms of tomato sauce: the barely cooked using fresh tomatoes at their peak (a related fact) and that using cooking, peeled tomatoes, whether you were the one that jarred them or not. This here is the first one. If you only have access to hothouse tomatoes, or tomatoes that are out of season, this sauce will be so wimpy as to be pathetic and not worth your time. What’s known inside of Italy but apparently not outside, is that the fresh sauce is not better than the cooked one, just different.
Ripe tomatoes
Salt
Olive oil
Chilli
Rocket (arugula)
Cut the tomatoes into postage stamp size pieces and just heat through in the olive oil. Add a pinch of chilli, again for balance as opposed to full-on heat. Salt as you remove from the heat. Start to finish should be 90 seconds or so. Toss in the rocket if using, so that it just wilts in the heat of the pan. Toss with pasta and bring together with a cup or two of the pasta water until emulsified.
Wine:
You can go with either. A red would play to the almost-blood like qualities of the salty tomato, but a high-acid would clean the palate between bites, making each mouthful seem that much fresher.
Patate al forno
Oven roasted potatoes
In my opinion, the difference between really good roasted potatoes and okay ones are the roasting time. You want toasty brown, crunchy little nuggets of potato, sweet with olive oil and herbs, the kind of dish that makes you call it your ‘home’ rather than just your ‘house’. Also, think beyond rosemary. Fresh sage is great, but try adding it at the beginning, the middle or even the end of cooking time. Tarragon as well. Thyme works wonders. And a little parsley and red chilli at the end makes you look like a great cook, when all you did is threw some herbs at it. And stack them tall too. Everyone loves that.
Potatoes
Salt
Herbs
Oil
Garlic
Bread crumbs (optional)
Prep your potatoes as see fit, leaving the skins on or off, etc. Be certain that the pieces are more or less even, for cooking time. Toss with lots of salt, some oil, the bread crumbs, if using, and place in a hot oven. Stir every ten minutes or so, until you’re convinced that they won’t stick anymore (this is largely based on whether you’re playing with waxy or starchy potatoes. Assuming you have a choice, go ‘starchy’ if you want crispy exteriors and fluffy interiors, waxy if you want waxy).
At 40 minutes or so, depending on how you cut them, starting checking them. You want crunchy bits, browned bits, bits that beg to be crunch on, the steam causing you to bite into them with your mouth open. If you can resist burning your mouth on them, they are probably not roasted enough.
Check for salt, toss with lots of parsley, some chilli flakes, maybe even a shot of raw oil. Place on a nice plate and marvel how simple the dish, yet ultimately profoundly satisfying to so much of the world.
Wine:
Serve with anything. I used served this with a bottle of expensive champagne and the potatoes seemed right at home.
Fae e Fogghie (Purè of Dried Fave Bean (Broad Beans) with Assorted 'Leaves'.
Dried fava bean pure with vegetables.
Anyone that reads this as a dogmatic shopping list has failed to grasp both the spirit and expansive-nature of this dish. Only two things are really pivotal, the dried fava beans, and a lot of different vegetables, cooked in a bunch of different ways, all of them simple. This isn’t the place to sneak in a little pancetta or goat cheese. Keep it simple and make the dish sing through variety and interplay, rather than complex cookery. Rare for an Italian dish, this is a one-course meal. It also happens to be perfect for the evening after your next trip to a farmer’s market.
Dried fava beans (perhaps 100 grams per person, but the paste reheats well and can be used a zillion different ways)
Vegetables.
Soak the fava beans in cold water over night. Change out the water a few times and rinse the beans, careful to check them over for small stones or other foreign objects. Morning of, boil the favas in plenty of salted water until soft. This could be from 2 to 6 hours, depending the age of the beans. Best do it long in advance rather than keeping your guests waiting for undercooked beans. When soft, drain and refridgerate until ready.
Put a pot of water on to boil (good advice no matter what, as no matter what you cook you’ll probably need some boiling water at some point).
Size up your vegetables. If you have some onions, slice them and boil them until soft in simple vinegar until soft and sweet. If you have some potatoes, boil them in highly-salted water and allow to cool. If you have some bitter greens, boil them in salted water until tender. Saute some green beans if available. Toast some bread under the broiler. Saute some zucchini.
All of this is easier than it sounds. All of us know that zucchini is better grilled or sautéed, as opposed to boiled. Potatoes tend to be better boiled than grilled. Chicory needs lots of water to remove some of its bitterness. Fennel tastes best raw. And on and on. As a vegetable becomes ready, pull from the pot or pan, plate and add a dash of salt and oil. Place on table. When you have 5, 6, 8 or even 12 different vegetables, add a lot of good quality oil to the fava beans hit them with a stick blender until smooth and hummus -like. Taste. Should be rich and salty. When all your vegetables are on the table, reheat the fava been pure and place on table in a nice bowl or pot.
Each diner begins by spooning himself a large dollop of fava bean pure, then surrounding it with vegetables from the array. Mix things together. Taste them apart. Notice the raw alongside the boiled the vinegary next to the oily.
Drink a young red, something simple and perhaps unoaked. We drink a simple farmer’s wine, fermented in concrete. To learn more about the wines of the Salento, visit www.awaitingtable.com.
'Mpepata (Spicy, Lightning-Quick Mussels)
‘Mpepata
This is one of those instinctual dishes that sprang up from using what’s on hand: it’s more a theme than a recipe, but the reference to ‘pepata’ reveals that it should have a kick. Regarding the cooking time, a mussel is cooked when it opens: every second after that is overcooking.
Fresh mussels.
Garlic
White wine
Parsley, or fresh herbs, such as mint and basle.
Red pepper
Oil
Bread
Clean the mussels thoroughly, scraping the shells with the BACK of a heavy knife. Mussels are cheap so discard any that you are questionable about, for any reason: cracked, open, funky, etc. Remove beards, which kills the mussel, and so time is now is now ticking.
In a pot big enough for all the mussels, add a glog of oil, the garlic, and sauté until it starts to make some noise, but before it takes on any colour. Dump in the drained mussels, and a generous amount of red pepper. Add a half a cup of white wine per portion of mussels, and stir constantly, careful to pull the open ones to the top of the pot, while pushing the unopened to the bottom. If you are using mussels from the Mediterranean, DO NOT add salt, as the sea is already so salty, and thus, so is the liquor from the mussels. Add the parsley, stir well and ladle into heated bowls. Remember to provide large bowls for the dead soldiers but also to implore guests that eating like a Viking is not only acceptable but preferred.
Variant.
Toast good-quality bread and place a slice in the bottle of the bowls before ladling on the mussels and broth. In either case, good quality bread is needed to mop, soak and dunk.
This is really a master recipe. You could vary the flavour-agents and take the dish in a thousand ways. Cream and curry. Hard cider and leek. Beer and caraway seeds. Vermouth and butter. Any place in the world that eats mussels has some variation of this dish. Do it once and you’ll never consult the recipe again.
Il Pollo alla Brutta Cafona. (Dinner Party Chicken, Salento-Style)
Think beyond breasts. And really consider brining the bird (place chicken in enough water to cover and add 20 grams of salt, please in refrigerator for at least 4 hours. Few kitchen steps are as rewarding as brining). Remove. Pat dry. You’re ready.
Assorted chicken or rabbit pieces.
Tomato paste
Chilli flakes
Fennel seeds
White wine
Fresh herbs, finely diced.
Parsley, treated the same way.
Salt packed cappers
An organic orange or lemon
Olives, large and green is ideal but any will work, as long as you are the one that pits them.
Olive oil
Heat your heaviest enamel Dutch oven for a good 5 minutes, add a glug of oil and then loosely cover the bottom with the biggest chicken parts. Jerk pot as not to stick, but then don’t touch for at least another five minutes. If you find yourself moving the chicken around, you’re doing it wrong. Go to your inner sanctuary and become one with the chicken. If, after 5 minutes, you turn a piece and it looks black and burnt, you’re ready to flip. Repeat, and remove. You’re looking for some real colour here, so don’t rush it. And you’re only browning, not cooking all the way through. Remove browned pieces and start again until all your chicken is browned. Watch the pot. If the oil is smoking it’s breaking down, turn down the heat. If it’s not popping, turn up the heat. Be careful. There will be spattering.
Defat the pan.
Add the chicken back, add all the other ingredients minus the fruit and herbs. Cover and gentle simmer, for at least half an hour. The brining will keep the chicken juicy. If you use salt packed cappers, then avoid adding further salt. If this is a dinner party, simmer chicken for half an hour, then remove from heat and chill. Reheat all the way through, place on large platter and cover with herbs and fruit peel. Wonder why you used to prefer the breasts.
Wine:
A zippy young red would perfect with this dish, such as a fresh primitivo.